This chapter presents the results of the exploratory study regarding the profile of local residents and visitors of the Historical Villages of Portugal Network (nHVP). This network integrates 12 villages located in low density territories in the center of Portugal. It is important to conduct this study in order to conceive strategies and policies that will contribute to reversing the desertification tendency and to retaining resources and surpluses that would otherwise leave the region. The authors concluded that the local residents present a medium/high level of satisfaction in terms of the impact of tourism in their villages and also with the association of their village with the nHVP brand. However, the local residents' participation in the activities and touristic events is low, which is in part due to the high age of most local residents. Regarding the visitors of the nHVP, they are generally satisfied or very satisfied with several points. The lowest level of satisfaction relates to the public transportation, the communication networks, and the medical care available in the territory.