Localização:
Sala 12.2.21 DCSPTData de início:
Seminário de Investigação GOVCOPP - Junho
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O próximo Seminário GOVCOPP terá lugar no dia 26 de junho (13h - 15h). Convidamo-lo a juntar-se a nós numa sessão que agrupará quatro apresentações sobre a redução de desigualdade social e promoção de uma sociedade mais inclusiva.
Redução de Desigualdades Sociais
26 Junho 2024
Sala 12.2.21 (DCSPT - UA)
13h - 15h
Grupo de Investigação TD
Unpacking Experiences: an analysis of travel's effects on families with special needs children
Abstract
The objective of this study is to
analyse the effects of family
tourism trips on families with
children with special needs
(FwCwSN). To achieve this aim, a
qualitative study was conducted in
April 2024. Initially, various online
forums and blogs related to travel
experiences of FwCwSN were
collected and analysed. Secondly,
the qualitative data collected from
online sources underwent content
analysis, considering the potential
effects identified in the literature.
The effects were categorised
according to their nature into two
groups: (i) positive effects and (ii)
negative effects. Additionally, the
effects were categorised according
to the entity influenced into three
groups: (i) the family as a whole; (ii)
children with special needs; (iii)
parents. Finally, the different
effects were compared according
to the type of special needs of the
children and the type of tourism
activity carried out by the family.
The results indicate that family
tourism trips have both positive
and negative effects on FwCwSN.
When considering the family as a
whole, many online posts highlight
the strengthening of family
connections, the creation of
memories together and the
expansion of the family’s
perspectives. Nevertheless,
travelling with a child with special
needs presents significant
challenges. For example, a child with
disabilities may experience feelings
of sadness when destinations,
facilities or attractions lack the
physical and environmental
conditions to welcome them and
accommodate their needs.
Furthermore, the study emphasises
the significance of establishing
inclusive environments that are
tailored to the specific requirements
of children and families.
Grupo de Investigação CIS
(Co)Creating an Ideal Vegan World — An Analysis of Consumer Ideology and Practices In Online Vegan Communities
Abstract
Consumers increasingly
recognize the environmental,
health, and ethical impact of
their consumer choices. They
embark on identity projects that
help them to become more
responsible consumers. In the
endeavor, they join online
platforms and form smaller
communities with like-minded
individuals. Joining these
communities allows them to
exchange information and
construct a social identity. While
building their social identity,
community members engage
with products and brands,
leading to either meaning
creation or destruction. So far,
the literature focused on value
cocreation, with little focus on
value codestruction. This paper
demonstrates how non-brand-
focused, online vegan
communities establish a
consumer ideology that
simultaneously creates brand
value for ideologically congruent
products and brands; and
destroys value for products and
brands that are ideologically
deviant.
Hence, it challenges current
understandings of the relationship
between online vegan communities
and the mainstream marketplace.
Besides, it highlights that non-brand-
focused communities can also be
leveraged to ensure a brand’s
congruence with the beliefs and
values of its target segment.
Through netnographic methods and
in-depth interviews, the study
investigates how consumers engage
and/or disengage with products and
brands, the practices used and
learned during this process, and how
consumer communities contaminate
the marketplace. Besides, it
pinpoints how these practice-
arrangement nexuses support the
fulfillment of different purposes,
namely the creation of social ties,
the development of knowledge
and/or consumption meanings, and
the reconfiguration of a market for
vegan products. The study presents a
reflection upon the role of
knowledge dissemination and
material entities in practice
performance. In the end,
implications for management and
directions for future studies are
discussed.
Grupo de Investigação PI2
Using Socio-Ecological Systems to support Coastal and Maritime Spatial Planning for Just and Inclusive Societies
Abstract
Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is
defined as the rational distribution
of activities and uses at sea,
following ecosystem-based
management principles. It has
arrived in Europe, first as an idea,
after as a Directive, and is now
finally being implemented as a
plan. The Portuguese planning
policy updated in 2014 created two
independent regimes (terrestrial
and maritime) that must be
integrated at the coastal area. At
this time, most of the Member
States, mainland Portugal
included, already have maritime
plans in place. Still, the challenge
now lies in delivering social
cohesion, along with economic
growth and sustainable
development. In an era of resource
extraction, we must ensure that
our communities and populations
in the coastal areas see their
ecosystems preserved and their life
improved by the maritime
activities they support. There is a
lack of studies on this territory's
social and ecological dynamics. I
believe the Socio-Ecological
Systems (SES) framework, may be
used to address this issue.
The SES concept aims to merge the
human and ecological system’s
efforts toward sustainability.
My research questions which
communities are more impacted by
the maritime economy and how. I
aim to develop an integrated spatial
framework to assess SES and
support the design of public policies
toward sustainability using the
Portuguese coastal mainland as a
case study. This approach will
combine the spatial analysis of the
coastal conditions and dynamics
with a foresight exercise to envision
future pathways of development. It
will allow to develop and align
policies at different scales (national
and regional) to match the
ecological, social, and economic
needs of the territories. The spatial
analysis incorporated will provide
the practitioners with a different
view of their territory as it has not
been done before.
Grupo de Investigação SAD
Calculation of the surplus value rate of the Portuguese economy: an empirical approach based on the Marxist labor theory of value
Abstract
The labor theory of value states
that the value of a good or service
is determined by the “socially
necessary labor time” required to
produce it. David Ricardo was the
first economist to place the labor
theory of value at the center of
economic theory. As stated in his
major work (Ricardo, 1821), Ricardo
argues that the value of goods is
explained by the amount of labor
required for their production, a
theory that he considered valid for
any form of economic organization,
and even more so in the capitalist
system, which was already in place
at the time. Karl Marx used the
labor theory of value to critique
capitalism, arguing that workers
are exploited because they don't
receive the full value of their labor
(Marx, 2024). Ricardo, on the other
hand, used it to explain how prices
are determined in a market
economy. Both Marx and Ricardo
believed that labor is the ultimate
source of value in an economy. But
they considered not just the
individual labor time an individual
puts in, but the “average” amount
of time it takes, considering the prevailing technology and skills, for
society to produce a good.
Empirical research on the labor
theory of value is challenging (Basu,
2018; Gouverneur, 2005). Many of the
variables needed to estimate the
socially necessary labor are
unobservable and, therefore, not
available in the national statistical
databases. In this paper, we inspire
ourselves in the works of
(Gouverneur, 1990; Mohun, 2005;
Moseley, 2000; Paitaridis &
Tsoulfidis, 2012; Wolff et al., 1982) to
estimate the equivalent hourly value
(also known as the monetary
expression of value) of the
Portuguese economy as well as its
evolution between 1995 and 2022.
From this estimate, we calculate the
surplus value rate and observe its
evolution in the same period,
comparing it with its three
macroeconomic determinants:
working hours, real wages and
productivity. The results point to an
increase in the degree of
exploitation of the labor force and
confirm a growing transfer of
income from the labor factor to
capital.
References
Gouverneur, J. (1990). Productive labour, price/value ratio and rate of surplus value: theoretical viewpoints and empirical evidence. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 14(1), 1–27.
Gouverneur, J. (2005). The foundations of capitalist economy. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 14, 1–27.
Marx, K. (2024). Contribution à la critique de l’économie politique. BoD-Books on Demand.
Mohun, S. (2005). On measuring the wealth of nations: the US economy, 1964–2001. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 29(5), 799–815.
Moseley, F. (2000). The “new solution” to the transformation problem: A sympathetic critique. Review of Radical Political Economics, 32(2), 282–316.
Paitaridis, D., & Tsoulfidis, L. (2012). The growth of unproductive activities, the rate of profit, and the phase-change of the US economy. Review of Radical Political Economics, 44(2), 213–233.
Ricardo, D. (1821). On the principles of political economy. J. Murray London.
Wolff, R. D., Roberts, B., & Callari, A. (1982). Marx’s (not Ricardo’s)‘transformation problem’: a radical reconceptualization. History of Political Economy, 14(4), 564–582.
Basu, D. (2018). Quantitative empirical research in Marxist political economy: a selective review. Analytical Political Economy, 237–267.
As inscrições para assistir ao seminário encontram-se abertas até ao dia 25 de junho às 17h
Caso deseje também participar no almoço que antece o evento deve inscrever-se até dia 24 de junho às 16h30
